2020 was the trial year for the House Sparrow RAS in
Bancyffordd, it proved successful and so the project was registered with the
BTO. Colour ringing of individuals commenced during October that year. During
2021 the RAS has been completed between the dates of the 1st April until
the 31st August and 117 adult birds were recorded. Over the same
period 300 juveniles have been ringed for the second year in succession. Well
over 450 birds have now been colour ringed but with only two years of data the
project remains in its infancy.
Because of the ease with which colour ringed individuals can
be identified, it is not surprising that the number of adult birds recorded
this year has been greater than the total for 2020. Sighting data suggest that
there have been at least 60 pairs that have had either single or multiple breeding
attempts throughout the summer. During this period, some adult birds have seemingly
disappeared from the population but many known juveniles from 2020 have bred
for the first time. Leading up to 2020, there was no focussed effort to ring House
Sparrows in our garden and so annual totals varied considerably. the age structure
of the adults seen during 2021 is as follows:
From a nest in 2016 or earlier 2
(both males)
From a nest in 2017 or earlier 6
From the 2017 breeding season 1
From a nest in 2018 or earlier 6
From a nest in 2019 or earlier 13
From the 2019 breeding season 2 (both were from garden nest
boxes)
From the 2020 breeding season 32 (1 of which was from a garden
nest box)
From a nest in 2020 or earlier 55
All free flying nest box chicks have been colour ringed when
trapped during 2021 and it is planned to continue to do this in future years
which should mean that the 32 known age birds seen this year should increase
substantially in 2022. All being well, it should be possible to start looking
at how many of the 3JJ birds (most likely to have been from a nest in the
village) remain in the village to continue the village colony.
In August, two of the colour ringed birds have been
photographed in gardens in Ceredigion, one in Llandysul (2.8km) and the other
in Adpar (11.0km). Both birds were from the 2021 breeding season. It is most
likely that the birds were from the Bancyffordd breeding colony, but this is
not proven. If one assumes that late summer/autumn dispersal from the colony occurs, then
it is also fair to assume that birds are recruited into the Bancyffordd population
from external sources. It seems to be clear that individuals of all ages fly
freely within the colony but at what distance this ‘freedom’ is curtailed is
not obvious as adult birds from a satellite colony seem somewhat reluctant to
travel the short distance of 280m from their nesting area to the centre of the
village.
A group of juvenile sparrows drinking from a bowl in an
Adpar garden, S65 on the right hand side.
S78
feeding with other birds (not shown) in a Llandysul garden.
This year I have noticed a lack pale feathering in juvenile
birds and the near absence of random white feathers in adult birds. Many of the
juveniles have had growth bars which isn’t too surprising given the periods of
poor weather during the breeding season. Often juvenile birds have been
host to the relatively large flat fly O.avicularia. Even though some
birds have multiple flies, I have not noticed any apparent ill health (e.g.,
low mass, reduced pectoral muscle) as a result their infestation. More recently
I have noticed large ticks on some birds; these seem to be more of a concern to
the welfare of the birds as several of the hosts appear to be in poor
condition.
Another topic I have spent some time looking at is the shape
of secondary feathers. As moult progresses, it becomes increasingly challenging
to age some birds, especially females. The following couple of photographs may
be of use to those interested.
This bird is an adult female undergoing complete moult. One
of the primary feathers has been replaced with a white feather. Four old
secondaries remain and, if the condition is reasonable, I think these can be
used to help age female House Sparrows later in the moult cycle (see next
photo).
This is an age 3 male undergoing its first full moult. The
first secondary has been replaced and the end shape of the new feather is notched
compared to the inner juvenile feathers that are quite rounded in comparison. I
have not seen any juvenile feathers that are notched.
The next few months will be spent trying to catch some of the numerous individuals (both adults with and without metal rings and young) that have avoided my bests efforts to date, many of these will end up as birds of no specific age.
